Insights
Public information guides on offtake, power, and financing for commodities, energy, industry, and infrastructure. General information, not investment, legal, or tax advice.
What Is an Off-Taker? A Plain Guide for African Projects
An off-taker is the buyer that agrees in advance to purchase a project's output. How off-takers work in African commodities, energy, and industry.
Offtake Agreements Explained: Key Terms for African Projects
What an offtake agreement is, the key terms lenders check, and how take-or-pay and take-and-pay contracts differ. A plain guide for African projects.
Green Hydrogen in Namibia: Projects, Policy, and Financing
An overview of green hydrogen in Namibia: national strategy, the Southern Corridor, Hyphen, HyIron Oshivela, EU partnership, and how projects are financed.
How to Invest in African Infrastructure: A Plain Guide
The main ways to invest in African infrastructure: listed funds, private funds, project equity, and project debt, plus the key risks and how they are managed.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Namibia: A Plain Guide
How power projects are financed in Namibia: NamPower, the Modified Single Buyer model, selling to contestable customers, imports, and what lenders look for.
Offtake Advisory: Finding and Securing the Right Off-Taker
What offtake advisory covers, how producers and project sponsors find credible off-takers, and and how Western off-takers can find producers whose output fits.
Structured Trade and Commodity Finance: A Plain Guide
How structured trade and commodity finance works: pre-export finance, prepayment, borrowing base, inventory and warehouse finance, and what lenders check.
Export Credit Agency Financing for Infrastructure
How export credit agencies (ECAs) support infrastructure: direct loans, guarantees, and insurance tied to exports, plus what projects need to qualify.
Counterparty Risk and Counterparty Access, Explained
What counterparty risk is, how firms check a counterparty before a deal, and what counterparty access means for commodities, energy, and infrastructure.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Zimbabwe: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Zimbabwe: ZESA, ZPC and ZETDC, the ZERA regulator, Kariba and Hwange, IPPs, and the main risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Angola: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Angola: PRODEL, RNT and ENDE, large hydro such as Laúca, the Lobito Corridor, oil, and the main risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Botswana: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Botswana: Botswana Power Corporation, the BERA regulator, Morupule coal, solar IPPs, and the main risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Zambia: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Zambia: ZESCO, the Energy Regulation Board, hydro and the 2024 drought, mining demand, debt restructuring, and risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in South Africa: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in South Africa: Eskom, NERSA, REIPPPP, the 2024 Electricity Regulation Amendment Act, private wheeling, and risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Nigeria: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Nigeria: GenCos and DisCos, TCN, NBET, NERC, the Electricity Act 2023 and state markets, mini-grids, and risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Kenya: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Kenya: KenGen, Kenya Power, KETRACO, EPRA, geothermal, wind, and what lenders and off-takers check.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Egypt: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Egypt: EETC, EgyptERA, Benban solar, Gulf of Suez wind, the NWFE platform, and the main risks for investors.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Morocco: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Morocco: ONEE, MASEN, ANRE, the Noor Ouarzazate solar complex, wind, Law 13-09, and what investors check.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Ghana: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Ghana: ECG, GRIDCo, VRA, PURC and the Energy Commission, IPPs, debt restructuring, and the main risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Côte d'Ivoire: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Côte d'Ivoire: CI-ENERGIES, CIE, ANARE-CI, Azito and Ciprel, the Soubré dam, regional exports, and risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Ethiopia: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Ethiopia: EEP and EEU, the Ethiopian Energy Authority, the GERD dam, PPP law, debt restructuring, and risks.
Power and Infrastructure Finance in Tanzania: A Plain Guide
How power and infrastructure projects are financed in Tanzania: TANESCO, EWURA, the Julius Nyerere hydro project, natural gas, regional links, and what lenders check.
Critical Minerals, Power and Infrastructure Finance in the DRC
How critical minerals, power, and infrastructure projects are financed in the DRC: cobalt and copper, SNEL, ARE, the 2018 Mining Code, cobalt quotas, Lobito, and risks.
LNG, Power and Infrastructure Finance in Mozambique
How LNG, power, and infrastructure projects are financed in Mozambique: Coral South, Mozambique LNG, Rovuma LNG, EDM, Cahora Bassa, export credit agencies, and risks.